Honing device



K. w. CONNOR 'HONING DEVICE Filed April 27, 1936 May 14, 1940. 2,200,573

Patented May 14, 1940 PATENT OFFICE HONING DEVICE Kirke W. Connor, Detroit, Mich, assignor to Micromatic Hone Corporation, a corporation of Michigan Application April 27, 1936, Serial No. 75,520 1 Claim. (CI. 51-34) My invention relates to honing methods and apparatus, and particularly to a honing method and device which employs a single abrading element which is rapidly oscillated and advanced 5 relative to a surface to be honed to produce an accurate and highly polished surface.

In my co-pending application, Serial No. 76,519, filed April 27, 1936, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention, a method and apparatus are disclosed wherein a plurality of honing elements are rapidly reciprocated in timed relation to the speed of rotation of the tool to produce a predetermined angular intersection of the paths of abrasion during the time the tool and work are fed relative to each other. Certain features embodied in the invention of the above mentioned application appear in-the present invention.

In the present invention a single honing element is employed which eliminates any binding and uneven wear on the stones which may occur when a plurality of the stones are employed in a single tool. It is substantially impossible to grade the abrading stones relative to hardness so that when a group of stones are employed, the wearing qualities of some are materially greater than those of others and, as a result, certain stones wear faster than others, causing a binding between the stones when depending upon each other for support within the work piece and uneven wearing of the stones.

One embodiment of the present invention utilizes a single stone which is urged against a cylindrical surface to be machined by a force which reacts against the stone support. The same principle is extended in other embodiments herein illustrated, wherein a single stone is employed for machining tapered surfaces, either internal or external, and for machining cylindrical external surfaces. 40 Due to the rapid oscillation of the honing stone, a methodof grinding is provided which simulates that of hand polishing wherein the hand is rapidly oscillated to move an abrading element over the surface to be honed. A feed movement is introduced between the oscillating stone and the work to extend the abrading operation uniformly over the surface. Accordingly, the main objects of my invention 50 are: to provide a method whereby an abrading stone is-rapidly oscillated during the time a feed movement is provided between the work and the stone; to provide apparatus for honing internalcylindrical surfaces employing a single stone in 55 which the spindle supporting the stone is rigidly retained centrally of the surface to provide support for feeding the stone toward the surface; to provide operating mechanism for rapidly oscillating the spindle axially during the time itis rotating, and advancing the stone carried by the 5 spindle over the length of surface to be machined during said reciprocation and rotation; to provide rapid reciprocation of a single honing element having an engaging surface congruent to that of the work and advancing the work and 10 honing stone relative to each other to cover the entire surface to be finished; and, in general, to provide apparatus for accurately machining surfaces to a high mirror finish, which is simple in construction, positive in operation and economical 16 of manufacture.

Other objects and features of novelty of my invention will be either specifically pointed out or will become apparent when referring, for a better understanding of my invention, to'the follo lowing description taken in conjunction with the following drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a honing device embodying features of my invention; 95

Fig. 2' is a sectional view of structure illustrated in Fig. 1, taken on the line 2-2 thereof;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of structure illustrated in Fig. 1, taken on the line 3-3 thereof; Fig, 4 is a view of structure, partly. in section 30 and partly in elevation, which may be utilized with the structure illustrated in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a wiring diagram which may be employed for controlling the structures illustrated in Figs. 1 no.4. 35

In Fig. 1,'I have illustrated a device for honing a work piece which embodies a supporting housing Ill having a column within which a vertically adjustable pillar I2 is supported. The housing II] has a support l3 for a Work element 40 I4 for locating the work element relative thereto' and to a pilot guiding cylinder l5 which forms part of the housing. On the upper portion of the column H a tool controlling sleeve I 6 is provided aligned with the pilot cylinder l5.

The pillar l2 carries a boss I! which projects through a slot 18 in the column H having a cylindricalopening 19 therein in which the shank 2| of the honing tool 22is journaled to be accurately aligned with the pilot cylinder l5. The tool 22 is similar to a conventional honing tool such as that illustrated and described in the patent to F. M. Kern, No. 1,990,331, issued Febthe operation of the hand wheel 45 the pinion 44 a single abrading stone 23 is employed which is projected radially from the stone supporting head '24. Suitable mechanism, described in detail hereinafter, is employed in the head 24 for adjusting the stone radially and for cooperating'with the cam fingers 25 for retracting and expanding the stone 23. The end of the abrading head 24 is provided with a pilot 25 which operates in the pilot cylinder I of the housing HI. The tool is accurately guided within the cylindrical opening IQ of the boss I! and within the pilot cylinder l5 through the engagement of the shank 2| and the pilot 26 of the tool therewith, respectively.

The operating mechanism for driving the tool in rotation and in reciprocation is carried by a housing 21 supported on and carried by pillar |2. Within the housing 21 a shaft 25 of a motor 29 projects, having the end 3| thereof of cup shape and machined to provide a plurality of splines 32. The end of the tool 22 has a plurality of cooperating splineways 33 machined therein which are engaged by the splines 32 of the cup shaped portion 3| of the shaft 23 to provide a rotative driving connection between the motor 29 and the tool 22 which permits the reciprocation of the tool during its rotation. A slot 34 is provided in the end of the shank of the tool 22 in which fingers 35 of a bifurcated link 35 project to effect the reciprocation of the tool during the time it may rotate. The link 36 is pivoted at 31 and its end, opposite to that containing the fingers 35, is disposed to be engaged by a cam 35 secured to a shaft 39 of a motor 4|. A spring 42 urges the end of the link 35 toward and against the surface of the cam 38. This relationship is illustrated more clearly in Fig. 2.

The pillar I2 is provided with a plurality of rack teeth 43 which are engaged by a pinion 44 mounted in the wall of the column II, which pinion is operated by a hand wheel 45. Through 'type, being supported in a backing element 46 which is secured relative to a shoe 4'! in the'conventional manner. The'shoe 41 isengaged by a cone element 43 which urges the shoe 41 and stone 23 outwardly against the surface of the work element |4 when moved in one direction, and which will release the shoe 41 and stone 23 when moved tion. In Fig. 5, I have illustrated a wiring diagram wherein motor 29 and motor 4| are adjustable in speed through the rheostats 45.

Through this adjustment the cycle of reciproca tion relative to the speed of rotation may be accurately controlled so that the desired finish may be obtained through the control of the angle. of intersection of the paths of abrasion due to each half cycle of reciprocation. This has been pointed out in detail in my above mentioned co-pending application. After the abrading operation has been completed, the operation of the hand wheel 45 moves the cam fingers 25 out of the sleeve l6 and thereby causes the stone 23 to be retracted so that it may be withdrawn from' within the surface of the work piece without marring the surface and without shutting off the motors. When a new work piece has been disposed in the support l3, the operation of the hand wheel in the opposite direction lowers the tool and stone 23 to a position within the work piece l4 and thereafter the cam fingers 25 engage the sleeve l5 and are operated to cause the extension of the stone 23 into engagement with the surface of the work element I4. The machine is shut down through the operation of the switches 5| for shutting off the motors 29 and 4|.

In Fig. 4, I have illustrated a further form which my invention may assume, that wherein the work piece to be machined is of greater length than the stroke of oscillation of the tool. While the hand wheel 45 of Fig. 1 could produce such additional feed movement when the sleeve I6 is lengthened, in this instance a work support is provided which is movable relative to the tool head 24 so that the work is fed relative to the stone 23. The projecting portion 52 of the housing is provided with a boss 53 in which the shaft 54 of the work support 52 is journaled for longitudinal movement. The shaft is provided with a thread 55 engaged by the inner threaded surface 55 of a worm wheel5'l. The shaft 54 is keyed at 55 to prevent rotation of the shaft when the worm wheel 51 is rotated. Such rotationis effected by a worm 59 driven by a motor 5|. The head 52 is guided within a cylinder 64 suitably supported on and secured to the frame portion 52. A reversing switch 55 is operated by a projecting finger 55 carried by the head to cause the motor to reciprocate and return the work to its original position after it has moved a predetermined length relative to the stone 23. The motor 5| is illustrated in Fig. 5 as also being provided with a rheostat 49 for controlling its speed of operation, to control the speed of 'the feed movement between the stone 23 and the work 63, relative to the rates of reciprocation and rotation thereof.

The structure and operation of the device is generally similar to that described relative to the construction illnstratrated in Fig. 1. In the present instance, however, besides the rapid reciprocation of the honing stone 23 and the ro tation of the stone, an additional controlled feed movement is provided.

The tool spindle I I6 carries the abrading head 24 on the end thereof, being secured together by a pin I". A spring 8 encompasses the spindle I I6, having one end resting upon the end of the projection of the head 24 and the other end disposed against a flange 9 of a sleeve I20 which is biased upwardly thereby. The lower end of the sleeve hasa pin |2| extending therethrough and through aslot 22in the projection of the head 24. The pin supports the stone adjusting element to those skilled in the art that various changes,

abrading stone 23 radially outward against the bias of the springs I21. When the sleeve I2I is moved upwardly the conical surfaces I26 are moved out of engagement with the projections I24 on the stone carrier I 25 permitting the radially inward movement of the carrier and stone when urged by the bias of the springs I21.

An additional sleeve I28 is disposed on the spindle.

I I6 above the sleeve I 2| which sleeve carries a nut I29 threaded thereto. Through adjustment of the nut I29 the cam collar I3I is positioned relative to the sleeve to control the amount of radial expansion of the abrading stone 23. Acaged spring I32 is disposed between the sleeve I2I and I28 for the purpose of loading the stone a predetermined amount when the cam fingers 25' are actuated within the collar IS. The setting may" be such that the cage of the spring limits the spring expansion and therefore the radial movement of the stone 23.

While I have described and illustrated several embodiments of my invention, it will be apparent omissions, additions and substitutions may be made thereinwithout departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as set forth in the accompanying claim.

I claim as my invention:

The combination in a honing tool of an abrading head supporting a single abrading element, 

